Imijyi 7 yo muri Afurika iza ku isonga mu busambanyi n’ubukerarugendo bugamije ubusambanyi

Ubusanzwe ubukerarugendo buzana amafaranga menshi mu gihugu bikanafasha kuzamura ubukungu bw’igihugu. Ukurikiye ayo mafaranga ntiwamenya ko abaza mu bukerarugendo batagenzwa na kamwe.
Hari abagenzwa no kureba ibyiza nyaburanga( parc, ingagi, ibirango by’amateka) ndetse no gufata akaruhuko ku nkombe z’amazi y’ibiyaga n’umucanga bifite amafu n’ubwiza(plage). Nyamara ariko na none hari abaza baje kwishakira igitsina. Aha ni ukuvuga ko hari abagabo/abasore baza bashaka abakobwa bo kuryamana nabo n’abagore/abakobwa baza bashaka abagabo bo kuryamana nabo bakabaha amafaranga.
Ubukerarugendo bushingiye ku busambanyi [ tourisme sexuel/sex tourism] ni kimwe mu bibazo bigaraga ku isi ariko cyane cyane mu bihugu bikennye bikiri mu nzira y’amajyambere.
Abakunze gukora ibi ni abazungu n’abandi bantu baturuka mu bihugu bikize, baza gushuka abo mu bihugu bikennye.
Ikibazo ngo si icy’ubusambanyi cyangwa se kwigurisha kuko ntaho indaya zitaba na cyane ko ziba zikuze kandi bakaryamana babanje kumvikana.
Ikibazo kinini kigaragara ngo ni uko aba bazungu cyangwa se aba bakire baza gushuka utwana duto tw’udukobwa n’uduhungu, utwinshi tuba tutarageza ku myaka 18 y’amavuko.
Ubu bukerarugendo bushingiye ku busambanyi bugaragara mu migabane hafi ya yose igize isi.
Umugabane wa Afurika na wo ntiwasizwe inyuma, dore ko abaturage bo mu bihugu byinshi bakennye ari na cyo gituma bikabya cyane.
Usanga abana bato b’ingimbi n’abangavu bishora mu buraya kubera abo bazungu baba babaha amafaranga ariko kandi hari n’ababyeyi bashora abana babo muri ubu buraya kugira ngo babone imibereho.
Tariki ya 22 nyakanga 2011, ikinyamakuru Slate cyasohoye imijyi ya Afurika 7 irangwamo ubusambanyi ndetse n’ubukerarugendo bugamije ubusambanyi kurusha iyindi muri Afurika.
Iyi mijyi ni nayo igaragaramo uburaya bukorwa n’abana bato ndetse n’abantu bakuru basambanya aba bana ari byo bita-Pedophilie- mu gifaransa.
Aha ni naho haboneka ubucuruzi bw’abana, b’aba abakobwa/abahungu, bashorwa muri ubu busambanyi mu bahoteri n’ububari byo muri iyi mijyi.
Umugabane wa Afurika ubaye indiri y’ubukerarugendo bugamije ubusambanyi nyuma Aziya na Amerika y’amajyepfo(Amerique Latine) byari bigezweo vuba.
Iyo mijyi irindwi n’ibihugu byayo ni bikurikira:
1. Saly (Sénégal)

Saly, ni umujyi muto wo mu gihugu cya Sénégal uherereye mu birometero 90 uvuye mu murwa mukuru Dakar.
Uyu mujyi urangwamo amahoteri meza n’amaresitora akomeye, utubyiniro ndetse n’umucanga wo ku mazi y’inyanja(plage) bikurura abantu benshi bo mu bihugu bikize.
Ibi bintu bihari bituma uyu mujyi ufatwa nk’ahantu hambere heza hakurura abantu muri Afurika y’Uburengerazuba.
Saly kandi ifatwa nk’umurwa wa mbere uberamo ubukerarugendo bushingiye ku busambanyi. Iyi nyandiko twashyize mu Kinyarwanda igira iti “Ni umujyi w’abasaza n’abakecuru bo mu bihugu bikize[Occidentaux vieillissants] ba bashaka gusogongera ku busugi n’uburanga bw’abana bat aba Senegal.”
Abana b’abakobwa bato, abakiri mu bwangavu(adolescence) ndetse n’ababusohotsemo vuba nibo basambana n’aba basaza babashukisha amafaranga nabo bakabaha imibiri yabo.
Ubu busambanyi butuma abantu bamwe bapfa abandi bagatabwa muri yombi n’inzego z’umutekano bitewe n’aba bana.
Urugero rwabaye muri uyu mujyi ni Umufaransakazi w’imyaka 65 y’amavuko wari waje kureba abana bato b’abahungu ni uko uwo bari bararanye muri hoteli amwiba ibintu bye byose amusiga iheruheru. Byatumye uwo mukecuru ahitamo kwiyahuza umuti wica udukoko ni uko apfira mu cyumba cy’iyo hoteli.
Urundi rugero ni uruherutse gutangazwa n’ikinyamakuru L’Epress, aho abagabo bane b’Abafaransa bakatiwe hagati y’imyaka 2 na 10 kubera kuryamana n’umwana w’umukobwa w’imyaka 10 bamuhaye amaeuro 150, ni ukuvuga asaga ibihumbi 129 by’amanyarwanda.
Ubwiyongere bw’uburaya bushorwamo abana ndetse n’uburemere bw’iki kibazo bwatumye hashingwa muri 2002 umuryango utegamiye kuri leta “Avenir de l’enfant” wo kuburwanya no guharanira uburenganzira bw’abana muri iki gihugu.
2. Kampala (Ouganda)
Igihugu cya Ouganda ni kimwe mu bihugu bifite politike zishyigikiye kandi ziteza imbere ubukerarugendo. Umurwa mukuru wacyo Kampala ukunze kugendwa n’abantu benshi baturuka mu bihugu bikize baje kuhasura.

Gusa ngo aba baza atari uko bakurikiye ubwiza bw’iki gihugu, dore ko kinakennye(35% baba munsi y’umurongo w’ubukene) ahubwo ari ukwirebera abo bafatanya kuryoherwa n’ubuzima bwabo.
Iyo bigeze igihe cya ninjoro, ba mukerarugendo bigira mu tubari, amahoteri n’utubyiniro tuba muri Kampala. Aha niho bahurira n’abakobwa n’abahungu bigurisha.
Imibare yerekana ko abakora uyu mwuga mu gihugu cya Ouganda, umubare munini ugizwe n’abana batarava mu gihe cy’ubwangavu n’ubugimbi.
Aba bishora mu busambanyi kubera ubukene buba mu miryango yabo, bashaka icyababeshaho n’uburyo bafasha imiryango yabo.
Umwihariko mu gihugu cya Ouganda ngo ni uko usanga ubukerarugendo bushingiye ku busambanyi buzwi cyane kandi busa n’aho bwemewe mu gihe ibindi bihugu byo muri Afurika y’uburengerazuba byo bibihisha.
Hari yemwe ngo n’abandika ku mbuga za internet uburyo baryamana n’abakobwa bo muri iki gihugu bavuga n’uburyo bazajyayo n’ibyo bakoze byose. Uru rubuga ry’umuntu ku giti cye (blog) rwagiyeho muri 2004 ngo hari abandikaho uko ikimero cy’abakobwa bo muri Ouganda kimeze n’ibyiza byabo, ibiciro byabo ndetse n’amayeri yo gukoresha kugira ngo ubabone. Abandi usanga badatinya gushyiraho abafoto yabo bakora imibanono mpuzabitsina n’abo bakobwa.
Igitangaje ariko ngo ni uko n’inzego z’umutekano ndetse n’ubuyobozi bwose bubizi ariko bakabyirengagiza.
Mu 2009, Inteko ishingamategeko ya Ouganda yatoye itegeko rihana ubukerarugendo bushingiye ku busambanyi no gushora abana mu buraya. Nyamara ariko ngo bose basa n’abapfutse amaso yabo banavunira ibiti mu matwi.
3. Mombasa (Kenya)

Mombasa ni umujyi uri ku cyambu uherereye mu birometero 440 uvuye mu murwa mukuru wa Nyenya Nairobi. Usanga abapolisi bagerageza kuzenguruka ku mazi bacunga umutekano. Abakunze gufatwa nk’indaya ni abana bato b’abangavu/ingimbi bicuruza kubera ubukene bwugarije imiryango yabo.
Abakiriya babo si abandi, ni ba mukerarugendo baturuka mu bihugu nka Leta zunze ubumwe za Amerika(USA), Ubusuwisi, Norvège cyangwa se Ubudage.
Umwe mu bana b’abakobwa bicuruza kuri aba Wazungu (nk’uko babyita mu rurimi rwaho), aherutse gutangariza ikinyamakuru cy’ishami ry’umuryango w’abibumbye riharanira uburenganzira bwa muntu ko yagiye mu busambanyi bitewe n’ubukene bw’umubyeyi we. Yagize ati “Mama ni umupfakazi kandi yacitse amaboko ye yose, ni byo bintera gukora ibi ngo tubone amaramuko.”
Uyu mwana w’umukobwa yanatangaje ko abenshi muri aba bazungu baryamana na we bamusaba kudakoresha agakingirizo bagakorera aho.
Abayobozi b’iki gihugu cya Kenya bafatanyije n’imiryango itegamiye kuri leta irwanya ubwo busambanyi, bagerageza gufata ba mukerarugendo basambanya abana bato. Gusa ngo ntibyoroshye kumenya uburemere nyakuri bw’iki kibazo.
Ubushakashatsi bwakozwe muri 2006 na guverinoma ya Kenya ku bufatanye n’ishami ry’umuryango w’abibumbye ryita ku bana-UNICEF, bwerekana ko 30% by’abana b’abakobwa b’abangavu (adolescents) baturiye inkombe bishora mu buraya.
4. Hammamet (Tunisie)
Umujyi wa Hammamet ukurura ba mukerarugendo benshi kubera amahoteri

menshi yawo meza, umusenyi wo ku mazi, parike y’inyamaswa n’ibindi bintu bitandukanye.
Ikindi gikurura ba mukerarugendo ni ukwinezeza(ambience) kuhaba guturuka ku muziki uba uboneka ahenshi mu tubari n’amahoteri kandi iyi miziki ikaba isunikwa na ba DJ bakunzwe cyane.
Kimwe no mu bindi bihugu twavuze haruguru abakunze gukora umwuga w’uburaya ni abana bato cyane.
Ba mukerarugendo bakuze baba baje gufata amafu kuri ubu butaka bwiza ngo ntibihanganira utu twana duto tuteye amabengeza.
Ikibabaje ariko ngo ni uko hafi buri muntu azi iki kibazo cy’ubusambanyi ariko bose, baba abayobozi n’abaturage basanzwe, ntihagire n’ucira no hasi.
5. Kribi (Cameroun)

Kribi ni umujyi utuwe n’abaturage bagera ku bihumbi 50. Ukaba uherereye mu birometero 200 werekeza Douala, umurwa w’ubukungu wa Cameroun.
Ni umujyi uri iruhande rw’inyanja ya Atlantique. Hahora amafu n’amahumbezi aturuka ku mucanga wo ku mazi, ibiti bihateye, bingaro ziri ku mazi ndetse n’utundi dushyamba n’uduhuru twiza. Ibi byose ni byo bituma bahita “Côte d’Azur du Cameroun”.
Buri mwaka hagati y’ukwezi kwa cumi na kumwe n’ukwa mbere k’umwaka ukurikiyeho, hateranira ba mukerarugendo baturuka ahanini mu Bufaransa na Leta zunze ubumwe za Amerika.
Ikindi cy’ingenzi aba baba bahiga ngo si ikindi uretse abakobwa beza b’uburanga bw’ihoho ndetse n’abahungu bafite amasura meza kandi bashinguye b’igikundiro.
N’ubwo ngo hari imishinga myinshi ihakorera yo kwivana mu bukene, aka gace kugarijwe n’ubukene buterwa no kutagira akazi ari cyo gituma abantu bishora mu buraya bakorana n’aba ba mukerarugendo.
Aha naho kandi, abana bato b’abakobwa/abahungu ni bo bakunze kugaragara muri ubwo bucuruzi.
Ikinyamakuru cyo muri iki gihugu Le Messager, giherutse gutangaza ko kugira ngo aryamane n’umuntu wigurisha, mukerarugendo amuha ibihumbi 10 by’amafaranga y’ama CFA(15 euros) abarirwa mu bihumbi 13 by’amanyarwanda.
Kugira ngo aryamane n’umwana muto [umukobwa cg umuhungu] muri hoteli runaka bimusaba gutanga ibihumbi 60 by’ama CFA (90 euros), asaga gato ibihumbi 78 by’amanyarwanda. Aha hakaba harimo n’ayo baba bagomba kwishyura abakozi ba hoteli bamufashije kwinjiza uwo mwana.
Ibi bikorerwa mu maso y’abayobozi n’inzego zitandukanye z’umutekano; abayobozi bo bakaba barahisemo gufunga amaso bakagahitamo kubyita uburaya busanzwe.
N’ubwo mu 2007 leta ya Cameroun yashyizeho itegeko rihana ubukerarugendo bugamije ubusambanyi ndetse rikanahana abashora abana bato mu busambanyi, nta na kimwe ikora ngo ibyo bintu bicike.
Iki kibazo cya leta yicecekera gikunze kugarukwaho n’umwanditsi Amély James Koh-Bela. Wiyemeje guharanira uburenganzi bw’abagore n’abana bato. Yabigaragaje mu gitabo cye Mon combat contre la prostitution, ugenekereje mu Kinyarwanda bivuga Intambara yanjye mu kurwanya uburaya.
6. Marrakech (Maroc)
Ni umujyi uzwiho kubamo kwishimisha bidasanzwe (ambiance) kandi bigasa

nk’aho buri kintu cyose cyemewe; nta kizira kihaba.
Kuva na kera ngo uyu mujyi ushyirwa mu mijyi irangwamo ubukerarugendo bushingiye ku busambanyi. Kimwe no muyindi mijyi yose twavuze haruguru, ba mukerarugendo bakururwa n’ubwiza bw’umujyi buturuka ku mahoteli, amaresitora n’utubyiniro. Ikindi cy’akarusho kikaba ngo ari abakobwa beza n’abahungu b’uburanga.
Umujyi wa Marrakech wakira ba mukerarugendo bari hagati y’ibihumbi 600 na miliyoni imwe. Kimwe cya kabiri cyabo ni abaturuka mu gihugu cy’Ubufaransa. Ubukerarugendo bwinjiriza Maroc 10% by’imari yayo.
Ba mukerarugendo ngo baba baje gushaka ahanini indaya, basa n’abatagishaka izimaze gukura ahubwa bagakunda kwirebera utwana duto ngo tugiteye amabengeza.
Abasaza baba bakeneye utwana tw’udukobwa tugifite itoto mu gihe abakecuru bo ngo baba bakeneye udusore tw’uburanga n’igikundiro tubaha ubushyuhe, utaretse n’abaryamana bahuje ibitsina.
Ibi rero bituma bakoresha indaya zimaze igihe cyangwa se zishaje bakaziha amafaranga zikabashakira utu twana duto tugifite itoto.
Urugero ni rw’umwana w’umukobwa w’imyaka umunani(8) wagurishijwe kuri mukerarugendo ku maeuro 150; ushyize mu manyarwanda asaga ibihumbi 130.
Ba mukerarugendo baza muri iki gihugu ngo iyo babonye utwana duto [uduhungu/udukobwa] ngo basa n’ababonye banu imanutse mu ijuru.
Mu mujyi wa Marrakech ngo ntibikiri ibanga; abana bato ni bo bagirwaho ingaruka n’ubukerarugendo bushingiye ku busambanyi kuko ari bo bagurishwa kandi bakabona amafaranga make utaretse n’indwara banduzwa.
N’ubwo imiryango itandukanye ikomeje urugamba rwo gukoma mu nkokora ubu bucuruzi, ngo nta kigabanuka.
Najat Anwar uyoboye ishyirahamwe “Touche pas à mon enfant” avuga ko leta idashyira ingufu mu guca ubu bucuruzi bw’ibitsina itinya ko yakanga ba mukerarugendo ntibazongere kugaruka.
7. Nosy Be (Madagascar)

Ni umujyi utuwe n’abaturage bagera ku bihumbi 109, bagizwe ahanini n’urubyiruko rufite hagati y’imyaka 15 na 20 y’amavuko.
Abaturaye Nosy Be bugarijwe n’ubukene buterwa no kutagira akazi. Imibare yo mu kwezi kwa kane uyu mwaka wa 2011 yasohowe n’ikinyamakuru Midi Madagascar cyo muri iki gihugu yerekana ko 76% by’abaturage batunzwe n’ifunguro ribarirwa agaciro kari munsi y’idorari rimwe ku munsi.
Uyu mujyi w’iki kirwa cya Madagascar wakira ba mukerarugendo babarirwa mu bihumbi 400 buri mwaka.
Iyo bumaze kwira ngo aba bamukerarugendo birara mu baturage bashakisha utwana duto tw’udukobwa n’uduhungu two kuryamana natwo maze bakaduha amafaranga.
Kubera ubukene n’imibereho mibi y’imiryango ngo usanga aba bana nabo bajya kwishakira aba bazungu ngo babahe amafaranga, utaretse n’abana boherezwa n’ababyeyi babo.
Nyamara ibi byose bikorwa mu gihe hashyizweho itegeko rihana umukerarugendo bugamije ubusambanyi ndetse no gushora abana bato mu busambanyi.
Iri tegeko ngo risa n’aho ritagize icyo rimaze, rivuga ko ufatiwe muri icyo cyaha afungwa hagati y’imyaka 5 na 10 ndetse agacibwa amande angina na miliyoni hagati ya 2 na 10 z’ama ariarys[ifaranga rikoreshwa muri iki gihugu (hagati y’amaeuro 715 na 3.500].
Umwuga w’uburaya ndetse n’ubukerarugendo bugamije ubusambanyi bwatangiye kuri iki kirwa cya Madagascar mu myaka ya 1990.
Buterwa n’ubukene bukabije, aho ngo usanga ababyeyi babura ubushobozi bwo gutunga abana babo bakabareka bakajya kwirwanaho muri abo banyaburayi bababona nka manu imanutse mu ijuru.